Gestational Diabetes gets developed in women during pregnancy. It is health condition in which a pregnant woman develops intolerance to carbohydrate. There are certain factors, which increase the risk of Gestational Diabetes during pregnancy. The more the risk factors the likely patient is to develop Gestational Diabetes. If a patient has two or more risk factors then she has higher risk of developing Gestational Diabetes. It is advisable to go for gestational diabetes screening with the onset of pregnancy. Patients who have had gestational diabetes in the past pregnancy must also get checked as they are at higher risk. Patients having at least one risk factor need to go for checkups for gestational diabetes in the end of second trimester as they have average risk of developing this condition. Patients, who have no risk factor, are at low risk. Around 4% pregnant women develop Gestational Diabetes. Following are the risk factors, which could trigger Gestational Diabetes.
Obesity
Women who are obese are at higher risk of developing Gestational Diabetes during pregnancy. Pregnant patients with a body mass index or BMI of 25.0 to 29.9 are at higher risk of gestational diabetes. If they have a BMI of 30 or more, it increases the risk for developing Gestational Diabetes. They have a higher risk of developing insulin resistance and high blood sugar. This could result into Gestational Diabetes.
Family History of Diabetes prevalence, especially Type II Diabetes
Family history of Diabetes, especially Type II Diabetes increases risk of developing Gestational Diabetes. If a patient has parents or siblings with Diabetes, especially Type II Diabetes, then chances of her suffering from gestational diabetes during pregnancy increase.
Pre Diabetes
If a patient has suffered from pre diabetes or insulin resistance prior to pregnancy, chance of Gestational Diabetes during pregnancy increases. Insulin resistance or elevated blood sugar could easily result into Type II Diabetes, thus it increases risk of Gestational Diabetes.
Pregnancy in Advanced Age
If a woman gets pregnant after 35 years of age, chances are that she may develop Gestational diabetes during pregnancy.
Giving Birth To Larger Babies
If a patient has delivered larger babies, especially heavier than 9 pounds or 4.1 Kilograms are at higher risk of developing Gestational Diabetes during pregnancy. Giving birth to a baby with a birth weight greater than the 90th percentile for gestational age and sex is known as Fetal macrosomia.
High Blood Pressure
High blood pressure during pregnancy could also trigger Gestational Diabetes.
Ethinicity
Pregnant patients with Hispanic, African American, Native American, South or East Asian, Asian American, Indigenous Australian or Pacific Island descent are at higher risk of developing Gestational Diabetes. White women of Non-Hispanic origin are at the lowest risk of developing Gestational Diabetes.
Gestational Diabetes in a Previous Pregnancy
Pregnant patients who had Gestational diabetes in previous pregnancy are at higher risk of developing Gestational Diabetes during recent pregnancy.
Adverse Past Pregnancy
Rapid weight gain during previous pregnancy, previous stillbirth, complicated previous pregnancy, delivering a child with a birth defect or suffering from too much amniotic fluid surrounding a baby during previous pregnancy could increase risk of developing Gestational Diabetes during recent pregnancy.
Past Blood Sugar Issues
Higher sugar level prior to pregnancy, Glycosuria or previous history of glucose intolerance also increase risk of developing Gestational Diabetes during pregnancy.
Other Factors
Patients suffering from or having previous history of polycystic ovary disease or previous history of type 1 or type 2 diabetes are at higher risk of developing Gestational Diabetes during pregnancy.
Patients who have one or more risk factor for developing Gestational diabetes should take good care of themselves. A healthy, balanced diet, and exercise can help to control gestational diabetes.
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