The idea of state in Islam is to ease and help the Muslims. The defense of righteousness, possessions and life of persons is main and essential duty and duty of the Islamic. All memberships of the social order are guaranteed to follow the guidance of caliph and he is accountable to protection public possessions.
He is representative and deputy of properties of public depend on incomes which are taken from diverse foundations. Certainly Islamic state is permitted from tax but in order to achieve the expenditures of state equipment, some duties are forced on the surplus of the prosperity of the people for the improvement and development of the society and state. However, if we speak about Materialism vs Spirituality, Islam favors spirituality but for worldly needs, materialistic approach is required but for very limited purpose.
Basics of revenue are characterized in two kinds. One is spiritual revenue from Muslims belong to country and other is worldly income taken from non-Muslims of that country. Zakat, Khums, Jazya, Rukaz, khiraj, Fai, Ushr, Wakf, Luqta, Possessions without Proprietor, Mentoring Assets, Commercial Profits, ARZ-Anwal, and Sadqat, Contemporary Sources are some of foundations of income in Islamic Country.
Zakat is an obligatory tax inflicted on Muslims and its compensation is considered spiritual responsibility of every monetary sound Muslim. In the period of first caliph Hazrat Abu Bakar, it was obligation of the state to device it but presently it is spiritual commitment of Muslims. This compulsory charity is forced on the possessions of individual like silver, Gold, Livestock, Properties of Mercantile, when property scopes to a persuaded nisab. 2.50 % of nisab or limit is assigned on the stuff. Nonetheless Nisab of varied property is differ like on Gold nisab is 3/10 grain of 7-1/2 sums, silver is 21 ounce or 52-1/2 Sums, on camels, one Goat is to be forced on five camels, one Goat will be given on 40 Goats. So this way, one can disburse zakat according to this nisab if he owns such stuff. In Ushr, which indicates 10, is tax imposed on agrarian creation. 1/10th is charged on naturally watered land by water of rain or flood and 1/20th on exaggeratedly irrigated land for example by waterways, bores and other manmade bases.
Khiraj is charged on the domains of the non-Muslims which they got in their protection after subjugation by Muslims. Comparative and secure khiraj are two types of it. Khums is additional source of income which means one-fifth taken as a tax. In Jazya, tax is occupied from non-Muslims Zimmiz who pursue defense from the Muslim State.
Rukaz is recoverable on the properties found accidentally through excavations, or hidden incomes. Fai means prosperity or possessions gotten from argumentative state without battle. Wakf is the influence of the properties in courtesy of the Government for the happiness of the society. Luqta means unclaimed property which is allowed from any candidate so government keep it. State takes the income of fruit plants, plants grown on the state land, it also comprises of the forests and cattle agricultural. If state is doing any commercial activities, then its incomes will be called revenue in Islam.
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