Modern molecular science believes that the normal progress of biological activities depends on the balance and stability of biochemical reactions inside the body. This complex and ordered biochemical reaction requires enzymes to catalyze regulation to maintain normal metabolism in the body.
The causes of the disease are directly or indirectly related to the enzyme. The disease that occurs inside the body is often due to the dysfunction of the enzyme. The use of enzymes as drugs, supplementation of enzyme deficiency, or adjustment of the role of enzymes, can achieve therapeutic purposes. With the improvement of living standards, people are paying more and more attention to health issues. Enzyme engineering plays a decisive role in the metabolism of the human body and is closely related to people's health. In a certain sense, knowing the enzyme is to know ourselves. There are many kind of enzymes, including enzymes in health industry, enzymes for daily use, enzymes for diagnostic use etc.
Enzymes play a significant role in living organisms
Enzyme is a kind of biocatalyst produced by living cells in living organisms. It can efficiently catalyze various biochemical reactions and promote the metabolism of organisms under very mild conditions in the body. There are at least 4,000 enzymes in the human body. Digestion, absorption, respiration, exercise and reproduction in life activities are processes in which enzymes promote the reaction.
"Without enzymes, there is no life. Enzymes for daily use is inseparable." Enzymes promote the absorption of sugar in the body. Sugars include sucrose, glucose, galactose, fructose, maltose, starch, and the like. In these sugars, in addition to glucose, fructose and galactose can be directly absorbed by the human body, the rest of the sugar must be converted into a basic monosaccharide in the body before it can be absorbed. When eating taro, amylase breaks down the starch in the taro into maltose, which is absorbed by the body and makes people feel sweet. Enzymes are essentially a protein that catalyzes chemical reactions in the body. Enzymes can increase the reaction rate by 1 to 100 billion times. If there is no enzyme, a taro may have to be digested for one year.
The conversion of glucose to glycogen is the way the body stores energy. After eating, the glucose absorbed into the blood cannot be turned into glycogen in time, but it is always stored in the blood, thus causing high blood sugar. When glucokinase is not active enough, it can cause diabetes. Therefore, the loss of enzymes in the human body can lead to a variety of genetic diseases.
Application of enzymes in various diseases
Enzyme production are used in a variety of diseases. Transaminase can reflect the health of the liver. When it is abnormally elevated, the liver may be damaged. Thrombin is closely related to cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, which can cause clots to clot and block blood vessels. Lead to stroke, cerebral thrombosis and other diseases; a variety of myocardial enzymes reflect the overall status of the heart; inhibition of telomerase activity can treat cancer.
The cause of diabetes is very complicated. It is currently believed that the occurrence of diabetes is related to many factors such as genetics, environment and immunity. In the final analysis, it is due to the absolute or relative lack of insulin. Scientists pointed out that it is an important means for people to reduce starch absorption. Glucosidase can produce glucose, and medically developed a corresponding glucosidase inhibitor, which can effectively reduce the absorption of starch, eat the starch, does not become sugar, and thus fundamentally control the concentration of glucose.
A biologist and writer.