Dental erosion is the gradual loss of tooth enamel. Erosion usually appears as pits in the enamel or worn-down biting edges. When tooth enamel wears away dentine, the living tissue beneath it, is exposed. This can lead to pain and sensitivity to hot or cold, as well as greater risk of tooth decay. Dentine tends to be a darker, yellower color than your white protective enamel. If you suspect you're experiencing tooth erosion, make the effort to correct the problem as soon as possible.
Although tooth enamel is the hardest substance in the human body, it's still organic and far from indestructible. It's also typically less than 2.5 mm in thickness. The enamel is secreted by the tooth itself. Tooth erosion can be caused by a tendency to chew on hard substances, like utensils or your finger nails. It is most often caused, however, by acids which break down the enamel. The stomach also has strong acids to aid in digestion, so that frequent vomiting or acid reflux can further weaken enamel. The chief mineral in tooth enamel is calcium phosphate. Acid breaks down and softens the enamel by removing some of these minerals. Acidic balance is usually restored naturally by your saliva. Consuming acidic substances excessively or too often may do more damage than your body can keep up with, resulting in soft tooth enamel that wears away more easily.
If you're showing signs of tooth erosion, reduce or eliminate acidic foods and beverages from your diet. The most common source of acid is carbonated (carbolic acid) drinks of any kind. Foods like corn, olives, yogurt, berries, and many canned or baked goods are surprisingly acidic. Beverages such as soda pop or alcohol are worse. Even fruit and fruit juices, especially citrus, can be relatively acidic if you consume them often, such as orange juice or lemonade. Cocktails that include fruit juices, soda water, and alcohol are triple threats to your tooth enamel. Some sports drinks that are high in electrolytes can also be acidic. Drink more water as a thirst-quencher, both during and after eating. Finish meals with a glass of milk, which will help to reduce the acid plus supply you with essential calcium.
In addition to avoiding harmful foods and beverages, be sure to brush your teeth at night with a soft toothbrush and a fluoride toothpaste. Fluoride helps reduce sensitivity. Brushing at least once during the day would be even more beneficial. Some dental products, including mouth wash, are especially made for sensitive teeth and contain minerals to help rebuild enamel. Your dentist may also suggest a fluoride varnish that can be applied regularly to protect your teeth and strengthen enamel. Another good idea is to start chewing sugar-free gum. This increases saliva flow to reduce thirst, clean teeth, and help accelerate rebuilding enamel.
Make it a point to visit a dentist in Lake Houston or wherever you may live regularly for a checkup. He/she can spot problems like tooth erosion as soon as it appears and take steps to correct it. Mild erosion may not require treatment so much as better dietary and tooth care practices. If it's severe, however, erosion may involve medicated or specially formulated tooth pastes or dental rinses that are more effective in treating the problem. If the tooth is badly damaged or has suffered decay, repairing it may require fillings, bonding, veneers, or other more drastic treatments.
Check your own teeth regularly for signs of eroded tooth enamel, especially if your teeth are sensitive. At the first sign of trouble, schedule an appointment to discuss it with your dentist.
Hannah Whittenly is a freelance writer and mother of two from Sacramento, CA. She enjoys kayaking and reading books by the lake.