4 common Anorectal Diseases

The anus is the part of the body through which stool passes and is evacuated. Typically, the anus is 4-5 cm long and has sensitive nerve endings in its lower half. There are various anorectal diseases that can attack this organ due to factors such as stress, improper diet and constipation, which are mentioned below:

Anal abscessr
An anal abscess occur when pockets of pus collect near the anus, thus producing pain and swelling. The cause for this pus is not known as most anal abscesses are not a result of any health problem. They tend to occur spontaneously, especially in young men between the age of 20 and 40. Anal abscesses usually occur near the anal opening, but in some rare cases, it may also occur deeper into the anal canal and near the lower colon or pelvic organs.

Anal fistular
Anal fistulas primarily develop spontaneously, or after an anal abscess has been drained. It is defined as an abnormal and narrow passageway opening at or near the anus, and usually, but not always, opening into the rectum above the internal sphincter. The opening of the anal fistula may discharge pus or bloody fluid and may temporarily closes. This temporary closure leads to the old anal abscess flaring up into a painful pus pocket.

Anal fissurer
An anal fissure is also called anorectal fissure. It is a split or tear that occurs in the lower anal canal lining when a hard stool stretches the anal opening. Sometimes, anal fissures also develop due to prolonged diarrhea, inflammatory bowel diseases or due to sexually transmitted diseases. While short-term anal fissures are shallow and superficial, in chronic cases, the fissures may extend deep into the anoderm and expose underlying muscle surfaces.

Hemorrhoidsr
Hemorrhoids do not actually give much pain. Only when the blood vessels of a hemorrhoid at the edge of the anal orifice clot will there be pain. This clotting of blood vessels is usually triggered by constipation or diarrhea. Occasionally, the hemorrhoid develops exte
ally and may become swollen, hard, and painful. Bloody discharge is produced when thrombosis occurs.