Birth Control Methods

There are different ways in which birth control methods work. According to Marion OB/GYN Inc., there are barrier methods that prevent the sperm cells from reaching the egg or ovum, methods that prevent ovulation like birth control pills, and methods that prevent implantation of a fertilized egg on the womb, like the intrauterine device (IUD).

Barrier methods

There are different types of barrier methods. The main aim is to prevent the sperm cell from reaching the ovum. They include:

• Diaphragms
• Condoms
• Cervical caps
• Spermicides

While other barrier methods act only as a barrier, spermicides kill the sperms before reaching the ovum. Spermicides should be used with other barrier methods for greater effectiveness. Condoms can prevent sexually transmitted infections, as bodily fluid doesn't mix.

Although barrier methods are a safe way for birth control since they do not change the hormonal composition of a woman, they also have some side effects. Spermicides and diaphragms place a woman at a higher risk of getting urinary tract infections (UTIs). One can develop toxic shock syndrome if they stay with a cervical cap or a diaphragm for more tha 24 hours. The chemicals used in spermicide creams can irritate the penis and the vagina.

Hormonal birth control methods

This birth control method applies the use of hormones to alter the ovulation cycle of a woman. The most commonly used method is oral contraceptive pills, although there are other methods like a vaginal ring, hormone patches applied to the skin, and progestin injections.

These hormones interfere with the normal functioning of a woman's hormonal balance, causing some imbalance and thus have some side effects. They include nausea, vomiting, mood swings, weight gain, abnormal menstrual flow, and at times skin discoloration.

Surgical sterilization methods

There are long-term birth control methods that are irreversible. They are known as surgical sterilization and are done on both males (vasectomy) and females (tubal ligation). In recent days, there is a new development of sterilization implants whereby a small coil is inserted into the fallopian tubes to block them. Thus, the ovum cannot reach the uterus. It is better as it allows the woman not to go through the surgical procedure associated with tubal ligation.

All surgical procedures have risks; the birth control is not exceptional. Women who have had tubal ligation are at risk of infection and bleeding caused by the anesthetic agents. Vasectomy also causes swelling and pain. At times even after a vasectomy, some men are still fertile, and thus a barrier method should be used.

In conclusion, no birth control method is 100% effective. If the procedure is not done well or your intrauterine device is not put properly in place, you can still become pregnant. You should get the service from a trained gynecologist. At Marion, we give you the best services. Before we settle on any of the methods, we do an individualized analysis to see which methods work best for you. All birth control methods have pros and cons, and it is, therefore, wise to do a cost-benefit analysis before settling on any.