Global Rise in Cancer Cases and Novel Developments Benefit the Cancer Tumor Profiling Industry

The very thought of the word ‘cancer’ makes one’s blood run cold. The killer disease affects a large population every year and despite medical advancement, its causes are not yet known. However, cancer treatment has surely come a long way with new ways being discovered to prevent, diagnose, and treat the disease.

Cancer tumor profiling, also known as molecular profiling is a focused approach to cancer treatment that targets a patient’s tumor. It basically helps to identify the specific aspects of an individual’s tumor known as biomarkers and potentially target or attack them. It helps one to know which mode of treatment is likely to be effective or may not be effective.

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Moreover, tumor profiling is expanding treatment options for patients with rare or aggressive cancers or who don’t respond positively to first line of therapy. Various technologies used in tumor profiling include next-generation sequencing (NGS), immunohistochemistry (IHC), in situ hybridization (ISH), microarray technology, and others.

The cancer tumor profiling market is experiencing rapid growth in recent years. Driving it are the factors such as increased incidence of cancer worldwide, a rise in adoption of cancer biomarkers for tumor profiling, an increase in the use of next-generation sequencing technique for cancer profiling. Moreover, the growing demand for personalized medicine provides lucrative opportunities for the growth of the market.

Numerous laboratories and companies across the globe offering tumor profiling services are also contributing to the market growth by adopting strategies such as partnerships, product launches, etc. As per the report by Allied Market Research, the cancer tumor profiling market is expected to reach $82,447 million by 2023 from $25,318 million in 2016, thereby growing at a CAGR of 18.4% from 2017 to 2023.
Several developments took place in the space recently. A new cancer drug called Vitrakvi which is based on molecular profiling was approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Illumina, Inc., a biotechnology company based in the U.S., launched a pan-cancer assay - TruSightTM Oncology 500 to identify known and emerging tumor biomarkers. Eli Lilly, a U.S.-based pharmaceutical company, announced its plans to acquire Loxo Oncology, Inc., a company that develops highly selective medicines for cancer patients.
FDA Approves New Cancer Drug
In November 2018, Vitrakvi was approved by the FDA for the treatment of any locally advanced or metastatic solid tumor in any part of the body where NTRK gene fusion exists. NTRK fusions take place due to two differently-located pieces of genes fusing in an abnormal manner. Every information about gene fusion, mutation, and other abnormalities can be obtained via molecular profiling. The new cancer drug is based on molecular profiling and was piloted in clinical trials for the treatment of patients having tumors with NTRK fusions. The approved drug seemed to reduce tumors in 75% of these individuals. A majority of the patients stayed progression-free for around six months while a minority of them stayed progression-free for a year or even more.

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Lynn Matrisian, PhD, MBA, chief science officer at the Pancreatic Cancer Action Network (PanCAN), said, “Historically, cancer drugs were approved for the treatment of breast cancer or lung cancer or colon cancer, but now we’re moving in the direction of more targeted therapies that specifically attack the cancer cells’ molecular vulnerabilities, wherever the cells arise in the body.”

Illumina Unveils Pan-Cancer Assay
In November ‘18, a pan-cancer assay called TruSightTM Oncology 500 (TSO 500) was launched by Illumina. The motive behind the launch is to identify known as well as emerging tumor biomarkers. A next-generation sequencing (NGS) tumor profiling assay, TSO 500 uses DNA and RNA from tumor samples to measure key biomarkers for emerging immunotherapies, including tumor mutational burden (TMB) and microsatellite instability. It also identifies multiple variant types such as small nucleotide variants, indels, splice variants, and fusions. TSO 500 possesses a strong power of investigation which helps cover many genes alterations that are being used to identify patients for clinical trials. The assay also helps in immunotherapy research by facilitating accurate TMB and MSI algorithms with a dedicated tumor-only workflow.

Eli Lilly Acquires Loxo Oncology
In January ’19, Eli Lilly announced its decision to acquire Loxo Oncology for a sum of approximately $8 billion. The acquisition is aimed at expanding Eli Lilly’s portfolio into precision medicines and targeting cancers that are caused by certain gene alterations. According to Eli Lilly, the deal would help widen its efforts in cancer treatment with externally sourced opportunities for first-in-class and best-in-class therapies. Loxo’s RET, BTK, and TRK inhibitors along with advanced diagnostics that allows them to identify which patients may benefit create opportunities to enhance the lives of patients with advanced cancer.

Loxo’s product portfolio of approved and investigational drugs include LOXO-292, a first-in-class oral RET inhibitor, LOXO-305, an oral Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitor, Vitrakvi, an oral tyrosine receptor kinase (TRK) inhibitor, and LOXO-195, a follow-on tyrosine receptor kinase (TRK) inhibitor. Josh Bilenker, MD, CEO of Loxo Oncology, said, “Tumor genomic profiling is becoming the standard-of-care, and it will be critical to continue innovating against new targets while anticipating mechanisms of resistance to available therapies so that patients with advanced cancer have the chance to live longer and better lives.”