Proteins - the building blocks of the body

A balanced diet consists of appropriate amounts of carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, and minerals. Proteins are one of the macronutrients and are considered to be the building blocks of the body. They play a very significant role in all the metabolic reactions of our body and are responsible for a number of important functions such as muscle building, wound healing, tissue growth and repair, and strengthening of bones.

Proteins boost the immunity levels by aiding in production of antibodies, which fight against infections and increase the body’s endurance power. Proteins are considered to be the most vital among all the other nutrients. The percentages of the macronutrients in the diet should be 60% of carbohydrates, 20% of proteins and 15% of fats. Care must be taken that most of the protein should come from first class protein sources. Biologically complete protein sources are the most preferred ones.
If carefully observed, the diet of an average Indian lacks adequate amounts of proteins. So, protein supplements may need to be added along with the staple diet. Protein supplements will also ensure that the essential amino acids, which the body cannot make by itself, are provided. A normal person requires 0.8 gm to 1 gm protein per Kg body weight; but in certain conditions, the requirements increase or sometimes even decrease.

A child who is in the growth phase of life requires 1 gm to 1.5 gm per Kg body weight. Pregnant women, people that are continuously exercising like athletes, bodybuilders, and critically ill patients that are in the recovery stage also require considerably high amounts of proteins. On the other hand, people with kidney problems may have to decrease their intake of proteins to prevent overloading the kidney with the job of getting rid of the nitrogenous wastes, produced during protein metabolism.