Alkaline protease is a serine proteolytic enzyme in endopeptidases, which can hydrolyze protein peptide bonds under alkaline conditions, and its optimal pH range is 9-11. It is mainly used in the enzyme detergent industry, and it is also widely used in industries such as tanning, silk, feed, ... Views: 332
Cellulase (β-1,4-glucan-4-glucanohydrolase) is a general term for a group of enzymes that degrade cellulose to produce glucose. Cellulase is a kind of complex enzyme, including C1 enzyme, CX enzyme and glucosidase and other components. Among them, C1 enzyme and CX enzyme can decompose cellulose ... Views: 226
Some substances can easily interact with the oxygen in the air when exposed to the air, causing chemical changes in the substance. This is the process of oxidation. Sun exposure, air pollution, radiation, etc. will cause the human skin to produce a large amount of superoxide free radicals, and ... Views: 335
More than 30 years ago, when people were studying the host-specific restriction-modification phenomenon of bacteriophages, restriction endonucleases were discovered for the first time. Bacteria can resist the invasion of new viruses, and this method of limiting the survival of viruses can be ... Views: 273
Abzyme, also known as catalytic antibody, is a type of immunoglobulin with catalytic ability, that is, an antibody with catalytic activity prepared through a series of chemical and biotechnological methods. It not only has the corresponding immune activity, but also can catalyze a certain ... Views: 331
Glucosidase is a large class of enzymes in glycoside hydrolase (EC 3.2.1). It is named because it can hydrolyze the glucoside bond and release a molecule of glucose.
Glucosidase has a wide range of sources, and it exists in almost all organisms with cellular structure that use carbohydrates ... Views: 315
Two groups of experiments were conducted at the Michael Rees Hospital in Chicago. The experimental group is 21 to 31 years old, and the control group is 69 to 100 years old. Researchers found that the salivary amylase of young people is more than 30 times that of older people. This is why young ... Views: 255
As the effect and safety of enzyme preparations in flour improvement are increasingly recognized by the flour industry and food industry, people have a more and more in-depth understanding of its practicality. As an important member of the family of enzyme preparations, lipase has been ... Views: 332
As an efficient biocatalyst, enzyme preparations are widely used in the production of food additives. In the 1940s, the microbial enzyme preparation industry became the main source of enzyme preparations due to its wide variety, fast growth, easy processing and purification, and relatively low ... Views: 300
Restriction endonuclease, also known as restriction enzyme, is a class of enzymes isolated from bacteria by W. Arber, H. Smith and D. Nathans et al. (1979). Restriction enzymes have extremely high specificity. They recognize specific sites on double-stranded DNA and cut both strands to form ... Views: 335
If there were no restriction enzymes, what would be the development of molecular biology research today? For 40 years, restriction endonucleases, working behind the scenes, have quietly promoted many basic biological research and commercial applications. Restriction endonucleases (also known as ... Views: 343
Glucose oxidase (GOD) is a typical oxidoreductase found in honey and molds such as Penicillium notatum. It can highly specifically catalyze the β-D-glucose reaction to generate gluconic acid, which has the function of converting glucose and removing oxygen. Since GOD can quantitatively generate ... Views: 360
The so-called fruit and vegetable processing means to maximize the nutrient content of the fruit and vegetable through various processing methods, improve the edible value, and make the color, aroma and taste of the processed product more perfect. Make the fruits and vegetables achieve the ... Views: 242
Restriction enzymes, also known as restriction endonucleases, are enzymes that can cut double-stranded DNA. Its cutting method is to cut the bond between the carbohydrate molecule and the phosphoric acid, and then create a nick on each of the two DNA strands without damaging the nucleotides and ... Views: 233
The optimum pH of cellulase is generally 4.5 to 6.5, which acts on cellulose and products derived from cellulose. Microbial cellulase is of great significance in converting insoluble cellulose into glucose and destroying cell walls in fruit and vegetable juice to improve the yield of ... Views: 242
The basic technology of genetic engineering is artificial cutting, splicing, and combination of genes. A gene is a DNA molecule with a certain function. To accurately cut out the DNA linear molecular fragments of different genes, various restriction endonucleases are required. To connect ... Views: 233
Lipase, also known as glyceride hydrolase, is a glycoprotein composed of 2%-15% sugar bases, the basic unit of which is mannose. Lipase exists in fat-containing animal, plant and microbial (such as mold, bacteria, etc.) tissues, including phosphatase, sterolase and carboxylesterase, fatty acids ... Views: 268
Enzyme engineering is a scientific technology that puts enzymes or microbial cells, animal and plant cells, organelles, etc. in a certain biological reaction device, and then use the biocatalytic function of the enzyme to transform the corresponding raw materials into useful substances and apply ... Views: 250
Enzyme activity assay is an analytical technique that uses the properties of enzymes to specifically and efficiently catalyze chemical reactions, and detects the content and activity of certain enzymes in biological samples such as body fluids by measuring the rate of enzymatic reactions.
1. ... Views: 252
Enzymes are proteins with catalytic functions in organisms. The distinguishing feature of enzymes is that they have a high degree of catalytic function and specificity, and the activity of enzymes can be adjusted, which is closely related to the conversion of different energy forms. Up to now, ... Views: 221
Probiotics, in simple terms, are a group of microorganisms that can effectively promote human health. They can resist gastric acid and bile acid, and can attach and colonize in the intestinal tract. According to statistics, the human gastrointestinal tract contains a rich and diverse microbial ... Views: 198
Extracts are liquid or solid natural active ingredients extracted from animal or plant raw materials. Plant extract is a product made from plants. It is formed by physicochemical extraction and separation process according to the needs of the use of the extracted final product, and directed ... Views: 246
The factors that affect enzyme catalysis (that is, enzyme activity) will definitely affect the rate of enzymatic reactions, but the factors that affect the rate of enzymatic reactions do not necessarily affect the catalysis. pH, temperature, ultraviolet light, heavy metal salts, inhibitors, ... Views: 289
The appearance of pectinase is light yellow powder, and it is called one of the four major enzyme preparations. In fact, pectinase does not specifically refer to a certain enzyme, but a general term for a class of enzymes that decompose pectin, including galacturonidase, pectin-decomposing ... Views: 253
The International System Classification of Enzymes proposed by the Enzymology Committee of the International Society of Biochemistry divides all known enzymes into six categories according to the types of reactions they catalyze, which are represented by numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6, ... Views: 276
There are two types of enzymes produced by biological cells: one type of enzymes that are produced inside the cell and then secreted outside the cell for action, called extracellular enzymes. Most of these enzymes are hydrolases. For example, the two amylases used in enzymatic production of ... Views: 274
Ligase is an enzyme that catalyzes the joining of two molecules into one molecule or the end to end of a molecule. This reaction is coupled with the decomposition reaction of ATP. When the two molecules are connected, the high-energy phosphate bond of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is broken, such ... Views: 268
As a substance, catalase was first discovered in 1811 by Louis Jacques Thénard, the discoverer of hydrogen peroxide. In 1900, Oscar Loew named this enzyme capable of degrading hydrogen peroxide "catalase", and discovered that this enzyme exists in many plants and animals. In 1937, James B. ... Views: 245
As a substance, catalase was first discovered in 1811 by Louis Jacques Thénard, the discoverer of hydrogen peroxide. In 1900, Oscar Loew named this enzyme capable of degrading hydrogen peroxide "catalase", and discovered that this enzyme exists in many plants and animals. In 1937, James B. ... Views: 239
Ascorbate oxidase is a copper-containing enzyme, located in the cytoplasm or combined with the cell wall, and coupled with other redox reactions to act as a terminal oxidase. It can catalyze the oxidation of ascorbic acid, has anti-aging effects, and plays an important role in material ... Views: 270
Helicobacter pylori (Hp) is closely related to the occurrence and development of gastric cancer, peptic ulcer, Hp-related dyspepsia and other diseases. Studies have found that Hp can cause gastric microbial disorders, change the microbial diversity and community structure in the stomach, and ... Views: 227
Probiotics refer to a certain number of live microorganisms that can have a beneficial effect on the health of the host. At present, there are more than 20 kinds of probiotics used in China, mainly including Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, Clostridium butyricum, Saccharomyces boulardii, ... Views: 218
Probiotics and prebiotics have attracted much attention because of their functions in regulating the intestinal microecological balance and improving the immune function of the body. The mass consumer demand for related food products is increasing year by year. Starting from the concept of ... Views: 207
The pancreas is an organ deep in the abdomen of the human body. Although it is small in size, its physiological function and pathological changes are closely related to life. It mainly plays an important role in neutralizing stomach acid and digesting protein, fat and sugar. When performing ... Views: 199
Lipase is widely used in the fields of food, chemical industry and biotechnology. The reaction system involves solvent system and water phase system. In order to improve the activity and stability of lipase in the reaction, various methods can be used to modify lipase.
Lipase can catalyze the ... Views: 206
The Role of Probiotics in Cancer Prevention Receives Increasing Attention
Liver cancer is the fifth most common cancer in the world and the third leading cause of cancer deaths. A healthy diet and lifestyle are the key to preventing various diseases. In recent years, probiotics, as part of a ... Views: 213
There are trillions of microbes inhabiting the human intestine. These microbes gradually reach a balance of types and numbers during the process of reproduction, and this balance is closely related to the body's normal metabolism. Once the structure of the intestinal flora becomes imbalanced, ... Views: 194
Lipase (Lipase, glyceride hydrolase) belongs to the class of carboxyl ester hydrolase, which can gradually hydrolyze triglycerides into glycerol and fatty acids. Lipase exists in fat-containing animal, plant and microbial (such as mold, bacteria, etc.) tissues. Including phosphatase, sterolase ... Views: 237
Laccase is a polyphenol oxidase (ρ-diphenol oxidase, EC1.10.3.2) containing four copper ions. It belongs to copper blue oxidase and exists in the form of monomeric glycoprotein. Laccase exists in mushrooms, bacteria and plants, and can also survive in the air. The only product after the reaction ... Views: 262
Serum enzyme tests have been used in clinical practice for a long time, such as increased amylase activity in serum and urine of patients with acute pancreatitis. In the 1930s, some scholars reported that the determination of serum lipase and alkaline phosphatase activities is helpful for the ... Views: 256
As a kind of enzymes for diagnostic use. Serum amylase (AMS) is the main type of amylase in serum. It belongs to glycoside chain hydrolase, which is mainly derived from the pancreas. In addition, there are also a small amount of secretion in the proximal duodenum, lung, uterus, and breast during ... Views: 290
The modern industry's interpretation of enzymes refers to proteins with catalytic functions. Enzymes, as natural catalysts, promote various chemical reactions in cells and play a vital role in the existence of living organisms. It has been 130 to 140 years since the concept of enzyme was put ... Views: 287
In 2018, the global enzyme product market reached approximately US$9.3 billion. It is expected that from 2019 to 2025, this market will grow at a compound annual growth rate of 7.1%, reaching a scale of US$14.9 billion. Increasing demand for enzymes in industries such as food and beverages, ... Views: 279
Probiotics are a type of active microorganisms that play a role by improving the balance of the host's intestinal microflora. They can produce definite health effects to improve the host's microecological balance and play a beneficial role. In 2001, the World Food and Agriculture Organization ... Views: 254
Starting from a cup of coffee or milk in the morning, it seems that a vital substance—enzyme, is inseparable from modern people's dining table. In fact, not only in the food and beverage industry, but also in medical, household, health, energy, environment and other fields, enzymes are playing ... Views: 233
Papain is a low specificity proteolytic enzyme. It is widely found in the roots, stems, leaves and fruits of papaya, and has the highest content in immature latex. Papain is a sulfhydryl protease, and its active site contains cysteine, which has the characteristics of high enzymatic activity, ... Views: 264
Disinfection methods are divided into physical methods, chemical methods and biological methods. The use of biological enzymes as disinfectants should be one of the biological disinfection methods. Biological disinfection is the use of animals, plants, microorganisms and (or) their metabolites ... Views: 277
1. Source of Cellulase
Cellulase is of great significance in expanding the comprehensive utilization of raw materials and plant materials in the food industry, increasing the utilization rate of raw materials, purifying the environment and opening up new energy sources. The source of cellulase ... Views: 264
Enzyme, early refers to "in yeast", refers to a biological catalyst produced by living cells in the organism. Most are composed of protein (a few are RNA), which can efficiently catalyze various biochemical reactions and promote the metabolism of organisms under very mild conditions in the body. ... Views: 244
1. Trypsin
Trypsin is the main protease in the pancreas and is the most thoroughly studied of all proteases. Mainly because it is not only widely used in the food industry, it is also an important digestive enzyme. It is white to light brownish yellow amorphous powder, soluble in water, almost ... Views: 219