Vascular surgery is concerned with the diagnosis, treatment and comprehensive management of problems related to the vascular system which includes the arteries, veins and the lymphatic system. Such surgeries require very high degrees of precision and accuracy which is possible only through advanced knowledge and skills which are exhibited by the best vascular surgeons in India.

Neurovascular surgery can be performed by using both, conventional as well as minimally invasive surgical techniques to help patients suffering from vascular problems related to the brain and spinal cord. Neurovascular surgeries are broadly classified into 3 categories. These are as under:

• Endovascular surgery- Also known as neuro-interventional neurosurgery or interventional neuroradiology, it is a catheter-based procedure which involves the use of minimally invasive approaches to target various neurovascular problems like aneurysms and stroke. Advanced imaging techniques used during the procedure help the doctors to perform the surgery with higher precision and accuracy. Some of the most common endovascular surgical procedures include coiling, stenting,angioplasty and embolization. Endovascular surgery is offered at all the best neurology hospitals in India.

• Open neurovascular surgery- It resorts to the use of conventional surgical techniques to directly access the affected area and treat severe aneurysms and vascular defects. The surgery requires the use of an operating microscope as it involves working around very delicate structures of the brain. This is the reason why it is also termed as microsurgery. Some of the popular open neurovascular surgical procedures involve skull base surgery and aneurysm clipping. Doctors from the best hospitals in India use cutting edge technology combined with computer-guided localization and precise intraoperative monitoring to deliver unparalleled results.

• Hybrid surgery-As the name suggests, it uses a combination of both endovascular surgery and open neurovascular surgery to treat complex lesions.

Vascular surgery for treating stroke:
A stroke is triggered by the rupturing of blood vessels in the brain which results in the formation of clots that prevent the oxygenated blood from reaching the brain. The patient is likely to experience symptoms like slurring speech, dizziness, loss of coordination and balance, facial asymmetry, vision problems and even paralysis. If left untreated, it can even lead to severe brain damage. The problem is likely to affect people suffering from hypertension, diabetes, deranged lipid levels, excess of homocysteine in the blood, and polycystic kidney diseases.

Vascular and endovascular procedures like carotid endarterectomy and carotid artery angioplasty can effectively help to treat the patients suffering from a stroke. The former involves the surgical removal of the plaque to clear the blockage whereas the latter aims at widening the affected arteries to restore normal blood flow. Sometimes a stent may also be placed to provide support to the inner artery wall.

Vascular surgery for combating a brain tumour:
A brain tumour is a mass or lump formed by the abnormal multiplication and accumulation of unhealthy cells in the brain. These can be either malignant or benign. Sometimes these may also be a result of the metastasis of cancerous cells from their primary site of origin. While benign brain tumours stop growing at a certain stage, malignant tumours keep progressing thereby posing a serious threat to the patient’s life.

Vascular surgery can help to remove the tumours with commendable levels of accuracy, without causing any damage to the surrounding blood vessels or the cerebellum. The tumours are first located with the help of cerebral arteriography and then removed very carefully using highly advanced machines and equipment. The procedure is offered at all the top-notch brain tumour hospitals in India.

Vascular surgery for cerebral aneurysms:
Also known as anintracranial aneurysm or brain aneurysm the problem is marked by the formation of an abnormal bulge in the wall of the arteries due to the weakening of the arterial muscles. The bulge can rupture leading to major haemorrhage. The problem can be triggered by hypertension, excessive smoking, severe injury to the blood vessels and certain blood infections.

Endovascular coiling which is a type of catheter-based vascular surgery can be performed on patients suffering from cerebral aneurysms to cut down the flow of blood to the aneurysm, thereby reducing the risks of rupture. This is done by using platinum coils that induce clotting which results in the embolization of the aneurysm. The blood supply to the aneurysm can also be stopped by microsurgical clipping which is also a neurovascular procedure.

Author's Bio: 

Some of the most common endovascular surgical procedures include coiling, stenting,angioplasty and embolization. Endovascular surgery is offered at all the best neurology hospitals in India.